What is the primary function of signal processing in RADAR?

Signal processing in RADAR is fundamentally about analyzing the received signals to extract meaningful information about the targets detected. This involves several tasks such as filtering, detection, estimation, and classification, which collectively help in interpreting the reflected signals that contain information about the range, speed, and characteristics of the objects being monitored.

When a RADAR system emits a signal and that signal bounces back from an object, the received echo is typically very weak and contains noise. Signal processing techniques are employed to enhance these echoes, mitigate noise, and accurately interpret the data contained in the signal. This can include using algorithms to distinguish between different types of targets or to determine their distances and velocities.

The other options suggest actions that are components or effects of the overall RADAR operation but do not capture the comprehensive goal of signal processing as effectively. While amplifying the radar signal and filtering out unwanted signals are important functions, they are parts of the broader signal processing framework rather than the primary focus. Similarly, changing the frequency of the emitted signal is a part of signal modulation but does not directly relate to the information extraction aspect that is central to signal processing in RADAR.