What is the primary application of LiDAR technology?

LiDAR, which stands for Light Detection and Ranging, is primarily used for mapping and surveying because it offers precise and detailed measurements of the Earth's surface and structures. This technology utilizes laser pulses to measure distances to the Earth, allowing it to create high-resolution digital elevation models and 3D representations of topography.

In various applications, such as environmental monitoring, urban planning, and vegetation analysis, LiDAR can provide critical data that enhances understanding and decision-making. The ability to capture detailed surface characteristics, even in dense forests or complex terrains, makes LiDAR invaluable for creating accurate geographical information and assessing land use.

While the other options may involve various imaging technologies, they are not the main focus of LiDAR. Weather forecasting relies more heavily on radar and satellite data for atmospheric analysis; telecommunications primarily involves the transmission of signals rather than topographical measurements; and medical imaging involves different imaging modalities like MRI or CT scans that are distinct from the capabilities of LiDAR. Thus, the application of mapping and surveying most accurately characterizes LiDAR's primary use.